Contributed by George Mack, Content Marketing Manager, Check Point Software
Cyber security has evolved significantly throughout the years. Much of it can be attributed to the constant cat-and-mouse game between hackers and cyber security vendors. Whenever threat actors developed a crafty, new cyber attack, security researchers were forced to innovate to stay one step ahead.
However, what does the evolution of cyber security look like? What was the very first cyber threat? Who invented the first antivirus detection system?
Understanding the history of cyber security is crucial in navigating today’s ever-evolving landscape. By understanding the origins and milestones of our industry, we gain valuable insights into the motivations, techniques, and patterns of threat actors. Furthermore, understanding the evolution of cyber security helps us appreciate the remarkable advancements made in our field throughout the years.
In this article, we will explore cyber security’s early beginnings and notable milestones that have shaped the industry into what it is today. While many attribute the birth of cyber security to the 1970s, its true history dates back even further.
1940s: Theory of the computer virus
In the 1940s, with the invention of the first digital computer, the concept of computer viruses was first imagined. Computer pioneer John von Neumann proposed the idea of computer programs that could replicate, introducing the notion of computer viruses. However, cyber threats were nonexistent as only a few people had access to these large electronic machines.
1950s: Phone phreaking
The 1950s witnessed the emergence of “phone phreaking,” which involved hijacking protocols to make free calls. Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs were prominent members of the phone phreaking community. This practice continued until the 1980s, and it laid the foundation for hacking culture.
1960s: The era of mainframe computing
The 1960s marked the era of mainframe computing, with limited access to large computers. However, some individuals began exploring hacking out of curiosity and the desire to make systems more efficient. In 1967, IBM invited school children to test their new computer, and these students took the opportunity to explore accessible parts of the system. This resulted in the company patching the vulnerabilities and developing a defensive mindset, known today as ethical hacking.
1970s: The first-ever computer worm and antivirus
The 1970s saw the birth of computer worms and the creation of the first antivirus software. The ARPANET research project gave rise to the computer program Creeper, the first self-replicating program or computer worm. In response, Ray Tomlinson invented Reaper, the first antivirus program, to chase and delete Creeper.
1980s: The birth of the internet
In the 1980s, the internet was born, connecting different computer networks through the revolutionary TCP/IP protocol. This new protocol allowed all networks to be connected via a universal language. This era also witnessed the release of the first computer viruses, such as the Brain virus and the birth of commercial antivirus software. The Morris worm, distributed via the internet, caused the first felony conviction under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, marking a significant milestone.
1990s: Cyber security goes mainstream
The 1990s marked the mainstream adoption of the internet and widespread accessibility. Polymorphic viruses, firewall technology, and heuristic detection methods emerged during this decade. Email became a major attack vector, and the Melissa virus caused substantial damages.
In 1993, Gil Shwed, CEO of Check Point, introduced Firewall-1, the IT industry’s first stateful inspection firewall technology. Over a quarter of a century later, Check Point’s ground-breaking technology remains the gold standard for network security.
2000s: The internet’s “Wild West” era
The 2000s saw a significant increase in cyber threats, with professional cyber criminals exploiting the rise of mobile and connected devices. Website infections, worms like ILOVEYOU and Code Red, and monetization of cyber crime through spam and spyware became prevalent. Additionally, adware and CoolWebSearch targeted users with unwanted advertisements.
2010s: The era of ransomware and high-profile breaches
The 2010s were rife with destructive and sophisticated cyber attacks. It ushered in the modern era of ransomware, as well as high-profile data breaches, IoT threats, and DDoS attacks that cost countries and businesses hundreds of millions of dollars a year. Some notable attacks include the Stuxnet worm, LulzSec hacks, and WannaCry infections.
Last words
Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the history of cyber security, highlighting key milestones and developments in each decade. It emphasizes the growing sophistication of cyber threats and the need for innovative solutions to combat evolving risks. Understanding the history of this field helps us navigate the ever-evolving world of cyber security and develop effective strategies to protect against emerging threats.
To read the whitepaper providing complete details of cyber security’s history, click here. Lastly, subscribe to the CyberTalk.org newsletter for executive-level interviews, analyses, reports and more each week. Subscribe here.
